Extent of Vulnerability for Human Development

Vulnerability implies a pre deposition of individuals or households to the risk of sliding down the wellbeing scale and becoming poor. It is the tendency for an entity to be damaged. The vulnerability of our environmental, social and economic system is made of more than just the risk of disasters and good or bad management. It would be impossible towards good quality of life and growth for countries under a sustainable development model if no account well-made of the damage that can occur from internal and outside influence. The socio economic condition are the main causes for the natural disaster. As such natural hazard events cannot be presented from occurring but their impacts on people and property can be reduced if advanced action is taken to mitigate risk and minimize vulnerability.

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Desertification and Management Process

Desertification is the process of fertile land transferring into desert typically as a result of deforestation. It is a process of continuous gradual ecosystem degradation during these plants and animals and resources such as water, soil, etc. are stressed beyond their availability to changing condition. It can be viewed as a process of inter woven, natural, human and economic forces causing continuous degradation over time. It is caused both by natural and human forces. The root cause is he increased in population and livestock number. The major impact of desertification occurs on productivity, environment and bio-diversification. It is the rotation of grazing land for animals to allow plants to grow. It attends to maintain fertility of the soil which different attempts. It is the integration of land and water management etc. It helps to adopt technology for sustainable farming activity.

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Who is consumer, why we should understand profile of Nepalese consumer?

Consumer is one that consumes, especially one that acquires goods and services for direct use or ownership rather than for release or use in production and manufacturing. It is the study of buying behavior of ultimate consumers who buy products for personal or household use. It involves consumer decision making. The person, group of persons, or receiver of the company offer termed as customers. Consumers are the king of the business. Now modern management believes that success of business depends on customers.

Marketing satisfies the wants of target customer or consumer. Marketers must understand how consumer or customer select buy, use and dispose products. They must know their consumers. It can be a person, group of persons or an organization. They are the other part of the exchange process. They have need and utility of the firm products. Their willingness, desire makes exchange possible. They are the ultimate reality of business world. Cash or money required for the rural development. Customers of rural products are government, local government and local people.

A market research factor, a description of the personal, demographic and psychological characteristics of the specific item s or service user (includes education, occupation, home location, precious buying patterns, credit rating, etc.)

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